Electronegativity Calculator

Determine bond types based on electronegativity differences between elements

Compare Elements

First Element

2.20 Electronegativity

Second Element

3.44 Electronegativity

Or Enter Custom Values

Common Bond Examples

H-F Polar Covalent

Na-Cl Ionic

C-H Nonpolar Covalent

O=O Nonpolar Covalent

H-Cl Polar Covalent

C=O Polar Covalent

Bond Analysis

Hydrogen

EN = 2.20

ΔEN = 1.24

Oxygen

EN = 3.44

Polar Covalent Bond

Electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges

Electronegativity Difference: 1.24

Bond Character: 39% Ionic

Polarity: Polar

Electron Sharing:

Electronegativity Scale Guide

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Nonpolar Covalent ΔEN < 0.5

Polar Covalent 0.5 ≤ ΔEN < 2.0

Ionic ΔEN ≥ 2.0

Your Bond

What is Electronegativity?

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom’s ability to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond.

📊 Pauling Scale: Most common scale (0.7 to 4.0)

⬆️ Increases across a period (left to right)

⬇️ Decreases down a group (top to bottom)

👑 Fluorine is the most electronegative element (3.98)

Bond Types Explained

Nonpolar Covalent

ΔEN < 0.5
Equal electron sharing
Examples: H₂, O₂, Cl₂

Polar Covalent

0.5 ≤ ΔEN < 2.0
Unequal electron sharing
Examples: H₂O, HCl, NH₃

Ionic

ΔEN ≥ 2.0
Electron transfer
Examples: NaCl, KBr, CaO

Practical Applications

Molecular Polarity

Determines if molecules are polar or nonpolar

Solubility

Predicts solubility in different solvents

Reactivity

Indicates how atoms will interact in reactions

Bond Strength

Affects bond energy and stability

Common Element Electronegativities

Most Electronegative

F Fluorine 3.98

O Oxygen 3.44

N Nitrogen 3.04

Cl Chlorine 3.16

Moderate Electronegativity

C Carbon 2.55

S Sulfur 2.58

H Hydrogen 2.20

P Phosphorus 2.19

Least Electronegative

Na Sodium 0.93

K Potassium 0.82

Ca Calcium 1.00

Mg Magnesium 1.31

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